Index card Assetco plc v Grant Thornton UK llp

Hearings

31 Jan 2019 [2019] EWHC 150 (Comm); [2019] Bus LR 2291; [2019] WLR(D) 58, QBD (Bryan J)

28 Aug 2020 [2020] EWCA Civ 1151; [2021] Bus LR 142; [2021] 3 All ER 517; [2021] 2 BCLC 227; [2020] WLR(D) 487, CA (David Richards, Phillips LJJ, Sir Stephen Richards)

Subject Matter

TORT — Cause of action — Deceit — Circuity of action — Company bringing claim against auditor for negligence — Company’s management engaged in dishonest and fraudulent activity not detected by auditor — Company having provided letter to auditor representing all relevant audit information provided and all knowledge of fraud or suspected fraud disclosed — Auditor asserting counterclaim in deceit in same amount as claim in reliance on single misrepresentation in letter in relation to which auditor not negligent — Whether single false representation in relation to which auditor not negligent sufficient to found counterclaim in deceit — Whether counterclaim established

[2019] EWHC 150 (Comm); [2019] Bus LR 2291; [2019] WLR(D) 58, QBD

NEGLIGENCE — Duty of care — Auditor — Audit of company’s financial statements — Company’s management engaged in dishonest and fraudulent activity — Auditor negligently failing to detect fraud — Fraud detected two years later and company bringing claim against auditor for loss and damage for general trading losses incurred and dividends paid out during two-year period — Company asserting damages to be assessed by reference to counterfactual scenario involving agreement with creditors and investment by investors — Test for causation for loss of chance damages where counterfactual scenario dependent upon hypothetical action of third party — Whether auditor owing duty of care to assume responsibility for audit client’s general trading losses and dividend payments — Quantification of damages

[2019] EWHC 150 (Comm); [2019] Bus LR 2291; [2019] WLR(D) 58, QBD

NEGLIGENCE — Duty of care — Auditor — Auditor negligently failing to detect management’s concealment of losses — Company continuing to trade for further two years despite business model being unsustainable — Company contending that but for negligent audit certain expenditure would have been avoided and measures would have been put in place earlier to regain solvency — Counterfactual situation depending on actions of third parties — Whether claimed losses within scope of auditor’s duty — Test to be applied — Correct approach to appellate court’s review of judge’s findings as to hypothetical facts — Whether judge right to treat contingency with 90% chance as certainty — Whether judge failing to give credit for benefits received from auditor’s breaches

[2020] EWCA Civ 1151; [2021] Bus LR 142; [2021] 3 All ER 517; [2021] 2 BCLC 227; [2020] WLR(D) 487, CA

Appellate History

Assetco plc v Grant Thornton UK llp [2019] EWHC 150 (Comm); [2019] Bus LR 2291; [2019] WLR(D) 58, QBD

Decision of Bryan J reversed in part

Assetco plc v Grant Thornton UK llp [2020] EWCA Civ 1151; [2021] Bus LR 142; [2021] 3 All ER 517; [2021] 2 BCLC 227; [2020] WLR(D) 487, CA

Cases Considered

Cases considered in: Assetco plc v Grant Thornton UK llp [2020] EWCA Civ 1151; [2021] Bus LR 142; [2021] 3 All ER 517; [2021] 2 BCLC 227; [2020] WLR(D) 487, CA

Banque Bruxelles Lambert SA v Eagle Star Insurance Co Ltd [1997] AC 191; [1996] 3 WLR 87; [1996] 3 All ER 365, HL(E) Applied

Cases considered in: Assetco plc v Grant Thornton UK llp [2019] EWHC 150 (Comm); [2019] Bus LR 2291; [2019] WLR(D) 58, QBD

Singularis Holdings Ltd v Daiwa Capital Markets Europe Ltd [2018] EWCA Civ 84; [2018] 1 WLR 2777; [2018] Bus LR 1115; [2018] 4 All ER 204; [2018] 2 All ER (Comm) 975; [2018] 1 Lloyd's Rep 472; [2018] 2 BCLC 1; [2018] WLR (D) 57, CA Applied

Wellesley Partners LLP v Withers LLP [2015] EWCA Civ 1146; [2016] Ch 529; [2016] 2 WLR 1351; [2015] WLR (D) 452, CA Applied

Aercap Partners I Ltd v Avia Asset Management AB [2010] EWHC 2431 (Comm); [2010] 2 CLC 578, QBD Dicta of Gross LJ at [76]–[77] not applied

Barings plc v Coopers & Lybrand (No 7) [2003] EWHC 1319 (Ch); [2003] PNLR 34; [2003] 1 Lloyd’s Rep IR 566, Ch D Dicta of Evans-Lombe J, paras 756–757 applied

Allied Maples Group Ltd v Simmons & Simmons [1995] 1 WLR 1602; [1995] 4 All ER 907, CA Applied

Caparo Industries plc v Dickman [1990] 2 AC 605; [1990] 2 WLR 358; [1990] 1 All ER 568; [1990] BCLC 273; [1990] BCC 164; The Times, 12 February 1990, HL(E) [1990] 2 AC 605, 630 considered

Leeds Estate, Building and Investment Co v Shepherd 36 ChD 787, Ch D Followed

Cases Cited

Cases cited in: Assetco plc v Grant Thornton UK llp [2019] EWHC 150 (Comm); [2019] Bus LR 2291; [2019] WLR(D) 58, QBD

AWA Ltd v Daniels (trading as Deloitte Haskins & Sells) (1992) 7 ACSR 759

Admiralty Comrs v SS Volute [1922] 1 AC 129, HL

Aercap Partners I Ltd v Avia Asset Management AB [2010] EWHC 2431 (Comm); [2010] 2 CLC 578, QBD

Alexander v Cambridge Credit Corpn Ltd (1987) 9 NSWLR 310

Allied Maples Group Ltd v Simmons & Simmons [1995] 1 WLR 1602; [1995] 4 All ER 907, CA

BA Peters plc , In re [2008] EWCA Civ 1604; [2010] 1 BCLC 142, CA

Bacciottini v Gotelee and Goldsmith [2016] EWCA Civ 170; [2016] 4 WLR 98; [2016] WLR (D) 152, CA

Bank of Credit and Commerce International (Overseas) Ltd v Price Waterhouse [1998] BCC 617, CA

Bank of Credit and Commerce International (Overseas) Ltd v Price Waterhouse [1999] BCC 351

Banque Bruxelles Lambert SA v Eagle Star Insurance Co Ltd [1997] AC 191; [1996] 3 WLR 87; [1996] 3 All ER 365, HL(E)

Barclays Bank Plc v Quincecare Ltd [1992] 4 All ER 363, QBD

Barings plc v Coopers & Lybrand (No 7) [2003] EWHC 1319 (Ch); [2003] PNLR 34; [2003] 1 Lloyd’s Rep IR 566, Ch D

Barings plc v Coopers & Lybrand [1997] 1 BCLC 427, CA

Barings plc v Coopers & Lybrand [2001] EWHC 461 (Ch); [2002] Lloyd’s Rep PN 127; [2002] 2 BCLC 364

Belgrave Finance Ltd v Scholfield [2012] NZHC 2916, NZ High Ct

Berg Sons & Co Ltd v Adams [2002] Lloyd’s Rep PN 41; [1993] BCLC 1045

Bilta (UK) Ltd v Nazir (No 2) [2015] UKSC 23; [2016] AC 1; [2015] 2 WLR 1168; [2015] 2 All ER 1083; [2015] 2 All ER (Comm) 281; [2015] 2 Lloyd's Rep 61; [2015] 1 BCLC 443; [2015] BCC 343; [2015] WLR (D) 182; [2015] BVC 20; Case details, SC(E)

Booth (John James William) v White (Simon) [2003] EWCA Civ 1708, CA

Borealis AB v Geogas Trading SA [2010] EWHC 2789 (Comm); [2011] 1 Lloyd's Rep 482, QBD

British Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Co Ltd v Underground Electric Railways Co of London Ltd [1912] AC 673; [1911-13] All ER Rep 63, HL(E)

Caparo Industries plc v Dickman [1990] 2 AC 605; [1990] 2 WLR 358; [1990] 1 All ER 568; [1990] BCLC 273; [1990] BCC 164; The Times, 12 February 1990, HL(E)

Caswell v Powell Duffryn Associated Collieries Ltd [1940] AC 152, HL

Chaplin v Hicks [1911] 2 KB 786, CA

Clay v TUI UK Ltd [2018] EWCA Civ 1177; [2018] 4 All ER 672, CA

Comrs for Customs & Excise v The Arena Corpn Ltd : The Arena Corpn Ltd v Schroeder (Peter James) [2004] EWCA Civ 371, CA

Connaught Income Fund, Series 1 v Hewetts Solicitors [2016] EWHC 2286 (Ch), Ch D

Dalwood Marine Co v Nordana Line A/S (The Elbrus) [2009] EWHC 3394 (Comm); [2010] 2 Lloyd’s Rep 315, QBD

Davies v Taylor [1974] AC 207; [1972] 3 WLR 801; [1972] 3 All ER 836, HL(E)

Dayman v Lawrence Graham [2008] EWHC 2036 (Ch), Ch D

Dimond v Lovell [2002] 1 AC 384; [2000] 2 WLR 1121; [2000] 2 All ER 897; [2000] RTR 243, HL(E)

D’Jan of London Ltd, In re [1994] 1 BCLC 561

Environment Agency (formerly National Rivers Authority) v Empress Car Co (Abertillery) Ltd [1999] 2 AC 22; [1998] 2 WLR 350; [1998] 1 All ER 481, HL(E)

Equitable Life Assurance Society v Ernst & Young [2003] EWCA Civ 1114, CA

Extramoney Ltd v Chan, Lai Pang & Co [1994] HKCFI 361

Famosa Shipping Co Ltd v Armada Bulk Carriers Ltd (The Fanis) [1994] 1 Lloyd's Rep 633

Front Ace, Owners of the Ship v Owners of the Ship Vicky 1 [2008] EWCA Civ 101; [2008] 2 All ER (Comm) 42; [2008] 2 Lloyd's Rep 45; [2008] 1 CLC 229, CA

Fulton Shipping Inc of Panama v Globalia Business Travel SAU (formerly Travelplan SAU) of Spain (The New Flamenco) [2017] UKSC 43; [2017] 1 WLR 2581; [2018] 1 All ER 45; [2018] 1 All ER (Comm) 95; [2017] 2 Lloyd's Rep 177; [2017] WLR (D) 440; Case details, SC(E)

Gallaher Ltd v (1) Gallaher Pensions Ltd (2) Foster (3) Silver [2004] EWHC 42 (Ch), Ch D

Galoo Ltd v Bright Grahame Murray [1994] 1 WLR 1360; [1995] 1 All ER 16, CA

Gardner v Marsh & Parsons [1997] 1 WLR 489; [1997] 3 All ER 871, CA

Gregg v Scott [2005] UKHL 2; [2005] 2 AC 176; [2005] 2 WLR 268; [2005] 4 All ER 812, HL(E)

Gregory v Shepherds [2000] Lloyd’s Rep PN 724, CA

Hanif v Middleweekes [2000] Lloyd’s Rep PN 920, CA

Harding Homes (East Street) Ltd v Bircham Dyson Bell [2015] EWHC 3329 (Ch), Ch D

Harris Scarfe Ltd v Ernst & Young [2005] SASC 113

Harrison v Bloom Camillin (No 2) [2000] Lloyd’s Rep PN 89

Hicks v Russell Jones & Walker [2007] EWHC 940 (Ch), Ch D

Hodgson v Trapp [1989] AC 807; [1988] 3 WLR 1281; [1988] 3 All ER 870, HL(E)

Hughes-Holland v BPE Solicitors [2017] UKSC 21; [2018] AC 599; [2017] 2 WLR 1029; [2017] 3 All ER 969; [2017] WLR (D) 199; Case details, SC(E)

Hussey v Eels [1990] 2 QB 227; [1990] 2 WLR 234; [1990] 1 All ER 449, CA

In Re London and General Bank (No 2) [1895] 2 Ch 673, CA

In re Thomas Gerrard & Son Ltd [1968] Ch 455; [1967] 3 WLR 84; [1967] 2 All ER 525, Ch D

Jackson v Murray [2015] UKSC 5; 2015 SC (UKSC) 105; [2015] 2 All ER 805; Case details, SC

Joyce v Bowman Law Ltd [2010] EWHC 251 (Ch), Ch D

Kennedy v Van Emden (practising as KB Van Emden Co) [1996] PNLR 409, CA

Koch Marine Inc v D’Amica Societa di Navigazione ARL (The Elena D’Amico) [1980] 1 Lloyd's Rep 75, QBD

Kuwait Airways Corpn v Iraqi Airways Co (Nos 4 and 5) [2002] UKHL 19; [2002] 2 AC 883; [2002] 2 WLR 1353; [2002] 3 All ER 209; [2002] 1 All ER (Comm) 843, HL(E)

Law Debenture Trust Coprn plc v Elektrim SA [2010] EWCA Civ 1142, CA

Leeds Estate, Building and Investment Co v Shepherd 36 ChD 787, Ch D

Livent Inc v Deloitte & Touche 2017 SCC 63; [2017] 2 SCR 855

Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co 5 App Cas 25, HL(Sc)

Louis Dreyfus Commodities Suisse SA v MT Maritime Management BV [2015] EWHC 2505 (Comm); [2016] 1 Lloyd's Rep 197; [2017] 1 All ER (Comm) 99; [2015] CN 1498, QBD

Maden v Clifford Coppock & Carter [2004] EWCA Civ 1037; [2005] 2 All ER 43, CA

Mallett v McMonagle [1970] AC 166; [1969] 2 WLR 767; [1969] 2 All ER 178; [1969] 1 Lloyd's Rep 127; 6 KIR 322, HL(NI)

Man Nutzfahrzeuge Aktiengesellschaft v Freightliner Ltd [2007] EWCA Civ 910; [2008] 2 BCLC 22; [2007] BCC 986; [2008] PNLR 6, CA

Manchester Building Society v Grant Thornton llp [2018] EWHC 963 (Comm), QBD

McKinnon (Gordon Angus) (2) McKinnon (Delyth Noleen) v E. Surv Ltd (Formerly known as GA Valuation & Survey Ltd) [2003] EWHC 475 (Ch), Ch D

Mobil North Sea Ltd v P J Pipe & Valve Co (trading as P J Valves or P J Valve Ltd) [2001] EWCA Civ 741; [2001] 2 All ER (Comm) 289, CA

Moulin Global Eyecare Trading Ltd v Inland Revenue Comr (2014) 17 HKCFAR 218; [2014] HKC 323

Multi Veste 226 B.V v NI Summer Row Unitholder B.V [2011] EWHC 2026 (Ch), Ch D

Needler Financial Services Ltd v Taber [2002] 3 All ER 501

Oropesa, The [1943] P 32, CA

Parabola Investments Ltd v Browallia Cal Ltd (formerly Union Cal Ltd) [2010] EWCA Civ 486; [2011] QB 477; [2010] 3 WLR 1266; [2010] Bus LR 1446; [2011] 1 All ER (Comm) 210; [2010] WLR (D) 114, CA

Phillips & Co v Whatley [2007] UKPC 28; [2008] Lloyd’s Rep IR 111, PC

Pilmer v Duke Group Ltd [2001] HCA 31; 207 CLR 165

Quistclose Investments Ltd v Rolls Razor Ltd [1970] AC 567; [1968] 3 WLR 1097; [1968] 3 All ER 651, HL(E)

Rahman v Arearose Ltd [2001] QB 351; [2000] 3 WLR 1184, CA

Reeves v Comr of Police of the Metropolis [2000] 1 AC 360; [1999] 3 WLR 363; [1999] 3 All ER 897, HL(E)

SCF Tankers Ltd (formerly known as Fiona Trust & Holding Corpn) v Privalov [2017] EWCA Civ 1877; [2018] 1 WLR 5623; [2017] 2 All ER 570; [2017] 2 All ER (Comm) 57, CA

Sahib Foods Ltd (In Liquidation) v Paskin Kyriakides Sands [2003] EWCA Civ 1832, CA

Sainsbury’s Supermarkets Ltd v MasterCard Inc [2016] CAT 11; [2016] Comp AR 33, CAT

Sasea Finance Ltd v KPMG (formerly KPMG Peat Marwick McLintock) [2000] 1 All ER 676, CA

Sew Hoy & Sons Ltd v Coopers & Lybrand [1996] 1 NZLR 392

Spencer v Wincanton Holdings Ltd [2009] EWCA Civ 1404, CA

Stacey (t/a as the New Gailey Caravan/Motorhomes Centre) v Autosleeper Group Ltd [2014] EWCA Civ 1551; [2014] CN 2099, CA

Stansbie v Troman [1948] 2 KB 48, CA

Stone & Rolls Ltd v Moore Stephens [2009] UKHL 39; [2009] AC 1391; [2009] 3 WLR 455; [2009] Bus LR 1356; [2009] 4 All ER 431; [2010] 1 All ER (Comm) 125; [2009] 2 Lloyd's Rep 537; [2009] WLR (D) 277, HL(E)

Swynson Ltd v Lowick Rose llp (formerly Hurst Morrison Thomson llp) [2017] UKSC 32; [2018] AC 313; [2017] 2 WLR 1161; [2017] 3 All ER 785; [2017] WLR (D) 257; Case details, SC(E)

Tamseel Holdings v Beaumont [2002] EWHC 2642 (Comm), QBD

Thai Airways International Public Co Ltd v KI Holdings Co Ltd [2015] EWHC 1250 (Comm); [2016] 1 All ER (Comm) 675; [2015] CN 781, QBD

The Liverpool (No 2) [1963] P 64; [1960] 3 WLR 597; [1960] 3 All ER 307; [1960] 2 Lloyd's Rep 66, CA

Tiuta International Ltd v De Villiers Surveyors Ltd [2017] UKSC 77; [2017] 1 WLR 4627; [2018] 2 All ER 203; [2018] 2 All ER (Comm) 35; [2018] 1 BCLC 179; [2017] WLR (D) 800; Case details, SC(E)

Tom Hoskins Plc v EMW Law [2010] EWHC 479 (Ch), Ch D

Twinsectra Ltd v Yardley [2002] UKHL 12; [2002] 2 AC 164; [2002] 2 WLR 802; [2002] 2 All ER 377, HL(E)

UDL Argos Engineering & Heavy Industries Co Ltd v Li Oi Lin [2001] HKCFA 19; [2001] 3 HKLRD 634

Vasiliou v Hajigeorgiou [2010] EWCA Civ 1475; [2010] EWCA CIV 1475, CA

Veitch v Avery [2007] EWCA Civ 711; [2008] PNLR 7, CA

Wellesley Partners LLP v Withers LLP [2014] EWHC 556 (Ch); [2016] Ch 529; [2014] PNLR 22; [2014] CN 440, Ch D

Zurich Insurance Co plc v Hayward [2016] UKSC 48; [2017] AC 142; [2016] 3 WLR 637; [2016] 4 All ER 628; [2016] 2 All ER (Comm) 755; [2016] WLR (D) 423; Case details, SC(E)

Cases cited in: Assetco plc v Grant Thornton UK llp [2020] EWCA Civ 1151; [2021] Bus LR 142; [2021] 3 All ER 517; [2021] 2 BCLC 227; [2020] WLR(D) 487, CA

AerCap Partners 1 Ltd v Avia Asset Management AB [2010] EWHC 2431 (Comm); [2011] Bus LR D85; [2010] 2 CLC 578, QBD

Allied Maples Group Ltd v Simmons & Simmons [1995] 1 WLR 1602; [1995] 4 All ER 907, CA

Assicurazioni Generali SpA v Arab Insurance Group (Practice Note) [2002] EWCA Civ 1642; [2003] 1 WLR 577; [2003] 1 All ER (Comm) 140, CA

BTI 2014 LLC v Pricewaterhouse Coopers LLP [2019] EWHC 3034 (Ch); [2020] PNLR 7, Ch D

Bank of Credit and Commerce International (Overseas) Ltd v Price Waterhouse [1999] BCC 351

Banque Bruxelles Lambert SA v Eagle Star Insurance Co Ltd [1997] AC 191; [1996] 3 WLR 87; [1996] 3 All ER 365, HL(E)

Barings plc v Coopers & Lybrand (No 7) [2003] EWHC 1319 (Ch); [2003] PNLR 34; [2003] 1 Lloyd’s Rep IR 566, Ch D

Caparo Industries plc v Dickman [1990] 2 AC 605; [1990] 2 WLR 358; [1990] 1 All ER 568; [1990] BCLC 273; [1990] BCC 164; The Times, 12 February 1990, HL(E)

Datec Electronic Holdings Ltd v United Parcels Service Ltd [2007] UKHL 23; [2007] 1 WLR 1325; [2007] Bus LR 1291; [2007] 4 All ER 765; [2007] 2 All ER (Comm) 1067; [2007] 2 Lloyd's Rep 114; [2007] RTR 40; [2007] 1 CLC 720; The Times, 18 May 2007, HL(E)

Davies v Taylor [1974] AC 207; [1972] 3 WLR 801; [1972] 3 All ER 836, HL(E)

FAGE UK Ltd v Chobani UK Ltd [2014] EWCA Civ 5; [2014] FSR 29; [2014] ETMR 26; [2014] CN 90; [2014] CTLC 49, CA

Famosa Shipping Co Ltd v Armada Bulk Carriers Ltd (The Fanis) [1994] 1 Lloyd's Rep 633

Galoo Ltd v Bright Grahame Murray [1994] 1 WLR 1360; [1995] 1 All ER 16, CA

Hanif v Middleweeks [2000] Lloyd’s Rep PN 920, CA

Harding Homes (East Street) Ltd v Bircham Dyson Bell [2015] EWHC 3329 (Ch), Ch D

Harrison v Bloom Camillin (No 2) [2000] Lloyd’s Rep PN 89

Henderson v Foxworth Investments Ltd [2014] UKSC 41; [2014] 1 WLR 2600; 2014 SC (UKSC) 203; [2014] WLR (D) 290; Case details, SC

Hodgson v Trapp [1989] AC 807; [1988] 3 WLR 1281; [1988] 3 All ER 870, HL(E)

Hughes-Holland v BPE Solicitors [2017] UKSC 21; [2018] AC 599; [2017] 2 WLR 1029; [2017] 3 All ER 969; [2017] WLR (D) 199; Case details, SC(E)

Hussey v Eels [1990] 2 QB 227; [1990] 2 WLR 234; [1990] 1 All ER 449, CA

In re B (A Child) (Care Proceedings: Threshold Criteria) [2013] UKSC 33; [2013] 1 WLR 1911; [2013] 3 All ER 929; [2013] 2 FLR 1075; [2013] WLR (D) 226; Case details, SC(E)

In re Sprintroom Ltd [2019] EWCA Civ 932; [2019] 2 BCLC 617, CA

Joyce v Bowman Law Ltd [2010] EWHC 251 (Ch), Ch D

Langsam v Beachcroft LLP & Ors [2012] EWCA Civ 1230, CA

Livent Inc v Deloitte & Touche 2017 SCC 63; [2017] 2 SCR 855

Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co 5 App Cas 25, HL(Sc)

MK Airlines Ltd v Katz (Acting As Joint Liquidator of MK Airlines) [2018] EWHC 540 (Ch), Ch D

Man Nutzfahrzeuge Aktiengesellschaft v Freightliner Ltd [2007] EWCA Civ 910; [2008] 2 BCLC 22; [2007] BCC 986; [2008] PNLR 6, CA

Manchester Building Society v Grant Thornton llp [2019] EWCA Civ 40; [2019] 1 WLR 4610; [2019] 4 All ER 90; [2019] WLR (D) 49; [2019] WLR(D) 49, CA

McGraddie v McGraddie [2013] UKSC 58; [2013] 1 WLR 2477; 2014 SC (UKSC) 12; [2013] WLR (D) 323; Case details, SC

Moda International Brands Ltd v Gateley LLP [2019] EWHC 1326 (QB), QBD

Parry v Cleaver [1970] AC 1; [1969] 2 WLR 821; [1969] 1 All ER 555; [1969] 1 Lloyd's Rep 183; 6 KIR 265, HL(E)

Perry v Raleys Solicitors [2019] UKSC 5; [2020] AC 352; [2019] 2 WLR 636; [2019] 2 All ER 937; [2019] WLR (D) 98; [2019] WLR(D) 98; Case details, SC(E)

Phillips & Co v Whatley [2007] UKPC 28; [2008] Lloyd’s Rep IR 111; [2007] PNLR 27, PC

Pilmer v Duke Group Ltd [2001] HCA 31; 207 CLR 165

R (R) v Chief Constable of Greater Manchester Police [2018] UKSC 47; [2018] 1 WLR 4079; [2019] 1 All ER 391; [2018] WLR (D) 533; Case details, SC(E)

SCF Tankers Ltd (formerly known as Fiona Trust & Holding Corpn) v Privalov [2017] EWCA Civ 1877; [2018] 1 WLR 5623; [2017] 2 All ER 570; [2017] 2 All ER (Comm) 57, CA

Sasea Finance Ltd v KPMG (formerly KPMG Peat Marwick McLintock) [2000] 1 All ER 676, CA

Swynson Ltd v Lowick Rose llp (formerly Hurst Morrison Thomson llp) [2017] UKSC 32; [2018] AC 313; [2017] 2 WLR 1161; [2017] 3 All ER 785; [2017] WLR (D) 257; Case details, SC(E)

Talisman Property Co (UK) Ltd v Norton Rose [2006] EWCA Civ 1104, CA

Tamseel Holdings v Beaumont [2002] EWHC 2642 (Comm), QBD

The Equitable Life Assurance Society v Ernst & Young [2003] EWHC 112 (Comm), QBD

Tiuta International Ltd v De Villiers Surveyors Ltd [2017] UKSC 77; [2017] 1 WLR 4627; [2018] 2 All ER 203; [2018] 2 All ER (Comm) 35; [2018] 1 BCLC 179; [2017] WLR (D) 800; Case details, SC(E)

Todd v Adams and Chope (trading as Trelawney Fishing Co) [2002] EWCA Civ 509; [2002] 2 All ER (Comm) 97; [2002] 2 Lloyd's Rep 293, CA