Index card Versloot Dredging BV v HDI Gerling Industrie Versicherung AG (The DC Merwestone)

Subject Matter

INSURANCE — Marine — Claim — Perils of the sea — Negligence of crew — Want of due diligence by managers — Ingress of water owing to failure of crew to shut valve — Presentation of claim supported by allegedly fraudulent device — Owners seeking indemnity under policy of hull and machinery insurance – Owners writing letter to underwriters’ solicitor containing allegations underwriters alleging to be false – Whether allegations false – Whether fraud such as to vitiate owners’ claim

[2013] EWHC 1666 (Comm); [2013] 2 All ER (Comm) 465; [2013] Lloyd's Rep IR 582; [2013] 2 Lloyd’s Rep 131, QBD

INSURANCE — Marine — Fraudulent device — Insured recklessly making untrue statement in support of claim honestly believed to be good both as to liability and amount — Whether whole claim forfeited — Whether forfeiture of claim in such circumstances infringing Convention right to peaceful enjoyment of possessions — Human Rights Act 1998, Sch 1, Pt II, art 1

[2014] EWCA Civ 1349; [2015] QB 608; [2015] 2 WLR 1063; [2015] 1 Lloyd's Rep 32; [2015] Lloyd's Rep IR 115; [2014] CLC 590; [2014] WLR (D) 433, CA

INSURANCE — Marine — Fraudulent device — Insured recklessly making untrue statement in support of claim honestly believed to be good as to both liability and amount — Whether claim forfeited where untrue statement immaterial to validity of claim

[2016] UKSC 45; [2017] AC 1; [2016] 3 WLR 543; [2016] 4 All ER 907; [2016] 2 All ER (Comm) 955; [2016] 2 Lloyd's Rep 198; [2016] WLR (D) 403; Case details, SC(E)

Appellate History

Versloot Dredging BV v HDI Gerling Industrie Versicherung AG (The DC Merwestone) [2013] EWHC 1666 (Comm); [2013] 2 All ER (Comm) 465; [2013] Lloyd's Rep IR 582; [2013] 2 Lloyd’s Rep 131, QBD

Decision of Popplewell J affirmed

Versloot Dredging BV v HDI Gerling Industrie Versicherung AG (The DC Merwestone) [2014] EWCA Civ 1349; [2015] QB 608; [2015] 2 WLR 1063; [2015] 1 Lloyd's Rep 32; [2015] Lloyd's Rep IR 115; [2014] CLC 590; [2014] WLR (D) 433, CA

Decision of the Court of Appeal reversed

Versloot Dredging BV v HDI Gerling Industrie Versicherung AG (The DC Merwestone) [2016] UKSC 45; [2017] AC 1; [2016] 3 WLR 543; [2016] 4 All ER 907; [2016] 2 All ER (Comm) 955; [2016] 2 Lloyd's Rep 198; [2016] WLR (D) 403; Case details, SC(E)

Cases Considered

Cases considered in: Versloot Dredging BV v HDI Gerling Industrie Versicherung AG (The DC Merwestone) [2016] UKSC 45; [2017] AC 1; [2016] 3 WLR 543; [2016] 4 All ER 907; [2016] 2 All ER (Comm) 955; [2016] 2 Lloyd's Rep 198; [2016] WLR (D) 403; Case details, SC(E)

Agapitos v Agnew [2002] EWCA Civ 247; [2003] QB 556; [2002] 3 WLR 616; [2002] 1 All ER (Comm) 714; [2002] 2 Lloyd's Rep 42, CA Disapproved

K/S Merc-Scandia XXXXII v Certain Lloyd’s Underwriters subscribing to Lloyd’s Policy No 25T 105487 [2001] EWCA Civ 1275; [2001] 2 Lloyd's Rep 563, CA Considered

Manifest Shipping & Co Ltd v Uni-Polaris Insurance Co Ltd (The Star Sea) [2001] UKHL 1; [2003] 1 AC 469; [2001] 2 WLR 170; [2001] 1 All ER 743; [2001] 1 All ER (Comm) 193; [2001] 1 Lloyd's Rep 389, HL(E) Considered

Royal Boskalis Westminster NV v Mountain [1999] QB 674; [1998] 2 WLR 538; [1997] 2 All ER 929; [1997] CLC 816; [1997] LRLR 523, CA Considered

Cases considered in: Versloot Dredging BV v HDI Gerling Industrie Versicherung AG (The DC Merwestone) [2014] EWCA Civ 1349; [2015] QB 608; [2015] 2 WLR 1063; [2015] 1 Lloyd's Rep 32; [2015] Lloyd's Rep IR 115; [2014] CLC 590; [2014] WLR (D) 433, CA

Summers v Fairclough Homes Ltd [2012] UKSC 26; [2012] 1 WLR 2004; [2012] 4 All ER 317; Case details, SC(E) Applied

Axa General Insurance Ltd v Gottlieb [2005] EWCA Civ 112; [2005] 1 All ER (Comm) 445, CA Applied

Agapitos v Agnew [2002] EWCA Civ 247; [2003] QB 556; [2002] 3 WLR 616; [2002] 1 All ER (Comm) 714; [2002] 2 Lloyd's Rep 42, CA Dictum of Mance LJ , paras 38 and 45, applied,

Cases considered in: Versloot Dredging BV v HDI Gerling Industrie Versicherung AG (The DC Merwestone) [2013] EWHC 1666 (Comm); [2013] 2 All ER (Comm) 465; [2013] Lloyd's Rep IR 582; [2013] 2 Lloyd’s Rep 131, QBD

Stemson v AMP General Insurance (NZ) Ltd [2006] UKPC 30; [2007] 1 LRC 532; [2006] Lloyd’s Rep IR 852, PC Considered

Agapitos v Agnew [2002] EWCA Civ 247; [2003] QB 556; [2002] 3 WLR 616; [2002] 1 All ER (Comm) 714; [2002] 2 Lloyd's Rep 42, CA Applied

Canada Rice Mills Ltd v Union Marine and General Insurance Co Ltd [1941] AC 55; 67 Ll L Rep 549; [1940 4 All ER 169, PC Applied

Cases Cited

Cases cited in: Versloot Dredging BV v HDI Gerling Industrie Versicherung AG (The DC Merwestone) [2013] EWHC 1666 (Comm); [2013] 2 All ER (Comm) 465; [2013] Lloyd's Rep IR 582; [2013] 2 Lloyd’s Rep 131, QBD

AIC Ltd v ITS Testing Services (UK) Ltd (The Kriti Palm) [2006] EWCA Civ 1601; [2007] 1 All ER (Comm) 667; [2007] 1 Lloyd's Rep 555; [2007] 2 CLC 223, CA

Abu Rahmah v Abacha [2007] 1 All ER (Comm) 82

Agapitos v Agnew [2002] EWCA Civ 247; [2003] QB 556; [2002] 3 WLR 616; [2002] 1 All ER (Comm) 714; [2002] 2 Lloyd's Rep 42, CA

Angus v Clifford [1891] 2 Ch 449, CA

Aviva Insurance Ltd v Brown [2012] Lloyd’s Rep IR 211

Ballantyne v Mackinnon [1896] 2 QB 455, CA

Barlow Clowes International Ltd v Eurotrust International Ltd [2005] UKPC 37; [2006] 1 WLR 1476; [2006] 1 All ER 333; [2006] 1 All ER (Comm) 478; [2006] 1 Lloyd's Rep 225, PC

Black King Shipping Corpn v Massie (The Litsion Pride) [1985] 1 Lloyd's Rep 437

Britton v Royal Insurance Co (1866) 4 F&F 905

Brownsville Holdings Ltd v Adamjee Insurance Co Ltd (The Milasan) [2000] 2 All ER (Comm) 803; [2000] 2 Lloyd's Rep 458, QBD

Bucks Printing Press Ltd v Prudential Assurance Co [1994] 3 Re LR 219

CCR Fishing Ltd v Tomenson Inc [1989] 1 Lloyd's Rep 89; [1991] 1 Lloyd's Rep 89, SC (Canada)

Canada Rice Mills Ltd v Union Marine and General Insurance Co Ltd [1941] AC 55; 67 Ll L Rep 549; [1940 4 All ER 169, PC

Cia Maritima San Basilio SA v Oceanus Mutual Underwriting Association (Bermuda) Ltd [1977] QB 49; [1976] 3 WLR 265; [1976] 3 All ER 243; [1976] 2 Lloyd's Rep 171, CA

Cohen and Sons & Co v National Benefit Assurance Limited and Others [1924] Lloyd’s Rep 199

Derry v Peek (1889) 14 AC 337

Direct Line Insurance v Khan [2002] Lloyd’s Rep IR 364

Direct Line Insurance v Khan [2002] Lloyd’s Rep IR 364 (CA)

Dudgeon v Pembroke 2 App Cas 284, HL

E D Sassoon & Co v Western Assurance Co [1912] AC 561, PC

Eagle Star Insurance Co Ltd v Games Video Co (GVC) SA (The Game Boy) [2004] 1 Lloyds 238

Fawcus v Sarsfield (1856) 6 E.& B. 192

Galloway v Guardian Royal Exchange (UK) Ltd [1999] Lloyd’s Rep IR 209 (CA)

Global Process Systems Inc v Syarikat Takaful Malaysia Bhd (The Cendor MOPU) [2011] UKSC 5; [2011] Bus LR 537; [2011] 1 All ER 869; [2012] 1 All ER (Comm) 111; [2011] 1 Lloyd's Rep 560; [2011] WLR (D) 31; Case details, SC(E)

Global Tankers Inc v Amercoat Europa NV [1977] 1 Lloyd's Rep 61

Goulstone v Royal Insurance Co (1866) 1 F&F 276

Grant, Smith and Co and McDonnell Ltd v Seattle Construction and Dry Dock Co [1920] AC 162, PC

Hamilton, Fraser & Co v Pandorf & Co 12 App Cas 518, HL

In re H (Minors) (Sexual Abuse: Standard of Proof) [1996] AC 563; [1996] 2 WLR 8; [1996] 1 All ER 1; [1996] 1 FLR 80, HL(E)

JJ Lloyd Instruments Ltd v Northern Star Insurance Co Ltd (The Miss Jay Jay) [1986] EWCA Civ 10; [1987] 1 Lloyd's Rep 32, CA

JJ Lloyd Instruments Ltd v Northern Star Insurance Co Ltd (The Miss Jay Jay) [1985] 1 Lloyd's Rep 264, QBD

Joseph Fielding Properties (Blackpool) Ltd v Aviva Insurance Ltd [2011] Lloyd’s Rep IR 238

K/S Merc-Scandi XXXXII v Certain Lloyd’s Underwriters subscribing to Lloyd’s Policy No 25T 105487 [2001] 2 Lloyd's Rep 563

Lamb Head Shipping Co Ltd v Jennings (The “Marel”) [1994] 1 Lloyd’s Rep. 626

Lek v Matthews (1927) 29 Ll. L. Rep 141 (HL)

Levy v Baillie (1831) 7 Bing 349

Masood v Zahoor [2009] EWCA Civ 650; [2010] 1 WLR 746; [2010] 1 All ER 888; [2009] WLR (D) 231, CA

Merchants' Trading Co. v. Universal Marine Insurance Co., (1870) 2 Asp. M.L.C. 431

Orakpo v Barclays Insurance Services [1995] LR 443

Orakpo v Barclays Insurance Services [1995] Lloyd’s Rep IR 443 (CA)

Royal Boskalis Westminster NV v Mountain [1997] LR 523

Samuel (P) & Co Ltd v Dumas [1924] AC 431, HL

Sealion Shipping Ltd v Valiant Insurance Co (The Toisa Pisces) [2012] EWHC 50 (Comm); [2012] 1 Lloyd's Rep 252; [2012] Lloyd's Rep IR 141, QBD

Seashore Marine S.A. v Phoenix Assurance Plc (The “Vergina”) (No 2) [2001] Lloyd’s Rep 698

Socony Mobil Oil Co Inc v West of England Ship Owners Mutual Insurance Association (London) Ltd [1984] 2 Lloyd's Rep 408

Stemson v AMP General Insurance (NZ) Ltd [2006] Lloyd’s Rep IR 252

Summers v Fairclough Homes Ltd [2012] UKSC 26; [2012] 1 WLR 2004; [2012] 4 All ER 317; Case details, SC(E)

T M Noten BV v Harding [1990] 2 Lloyd's Rep 283, CA

The Hellenic Dolphin [1978] 2 Lloyd's Rep 336

The Stranna [1938] P 69, CA

The Thames and Mersey Marine Insurance Co Ltd v Hamilton, Fraser, & Co 12 App Cas 484, HL

Thomas Wilson, Sons & Co v Owners of Cargo per The Xantho 12 App Cas 503, HL

Thompson v Hopper (1858) E.B. and E. 1038

Twinsectra Ltd v Yardley [2002] UKHL 12; [2002] 2 AC 164; [2002] 2 WLR 802; [2002] 2 All ER 377, HL(E)

Ul-Haq v Shah [2010] 1

Ventouris v Mountain (No 3) [1992] 2 Lloyd's Rep 281, QBD

Wadsworth Lighterage & Coaling Company Ltd v Sea Insurance Ltd (1929) 34 Lloyd’s Rep 285

Wayne Tank and Pump Co Ltd v Employers Liability Assurance Corpn Ltd [1974] QB 57; [1973] 3 WLR 483; [1973] 3 All ER 825; [1973] 2 Lloyd's Rep 237, CA

Widlake v BAA Ltd [2009] EWCA 1256

Cases cited in: Versloot Dredging BV v HDI Gerling Industrie Versicherung AG (The DC Merwestone) [2014] EWCA Civ 1349; [2015] QB 608; [2015] 2 WLR 1063; [2015] 1 Lloyd's Rep 32; [2015] Lloyd's Rep IR 115; [2014] CLC 590; [2014] WLR (D) 433, CA

AXA General Insurance Ltd v HM Advocate [2011] UKSC 46; [2012] 1 AC 868; [2011] 3 WLR 871; 2012 SC (UKSC) 122; Case details, SC(Sc)

Agapitos v Agnew [2002] EWCA Civ 247; [2003] QB 556; [2002] 3 WLR 616; [2002] 1 All ER (Comm) 714; [2002] 2 Lloyd's Rep 42, CA

Akerhielm v de Mare [1959] AC 789; [1959] 3 WLR 108; [1959] 3 All ER 485, PC

Assicurazioni Generali SpA v Arab Insurance Group (Practice Note) [2002] EWCA Civ 1642; [2003] 1 WLR 577; [2003] 1 All ER (Comm) 140, CA

Australia & New Zealand Bank Group Ltd v Société Générale [2000] 1 All ER (Comm) 682, CA

Aviva Insurance Ltd v Brown [2011] EWHC 362 (QB); [2012] Lloyd's Rep IR 211, QBD

Avon Insurance plc v Swire Fraser Ltd [2000] 1 All ER (Comm) 573

Axa General Insurance Ltd v Gottlieb [2005] EWCA Civ 112; [2005] 1 All ER (Comm) 445, CA

Barnes v Eastenders Cash & Carry plc [2014] UKSC 26; [2015] AC 1; [2014] 2 WLR 1269; [2014] 3 All ER 1; [2014] Lloyd's Rep FC 461; [2014] 2 Cr App R 261; [2014] BPIR 867; [2014] HRLR 15; [2014] WLR (D) 194; The Times, 30 May 2014; Case details, SC(E)

Beacon Insurance Co Ltd v Maharaj Bookstore Ltd [2014] UKPC 21; [2014] 4 All ER 418; [2014] 2 All ER (Comm) 558; [2014] CN 1291; Case details, PC

Britton v Royal Insurance Co (1866) 4 F & F 905

Broniowski v Poland (2004) 40 EHRR 495, GC

Broome v Cassell & Co Ltd [1972] AC 1027; [1972] 2 WLR 645; [1972] 1 All ER 801, HL(E)

Bucks Printing Press Ltd v Prudential Assurance Co Ltd [1994] 3 Re LR 219

Campbell v MGN Ltd [2004] UKHL 22; [2004] 2 AC 457; [2004] 2 WLR 1232; [2004] 2 All ER 995, HL(E)

Carmichael v National Power Plc [1999] 1 WLR 2042; [1999] ICR 1226; [1999] 4 All ER 897, HL(E)

Cox v Orion Insurance Co Ltd [1982] RTR 1, CA

Credit Suisse AG v Arabian Aircraft and Equipment Leasing Co EC [2013] EWCA Civ 1169; [2013] CN 1511, CA

Datec Electronic Holdings Ltd v United Parcels Service Ltd [2007] UKHL 23; [2007] 1 WLR 1325; [2007] Bus LR 1291; [2007] 4 All ER 765; [2007] 2 All ER (Comm) 1067; [2007] 2 Lloyd's Rep 114; [2007] RTR 40; [2007] 1 CLC 720; The Times, 18 May 2007, HL(E)

Derry v Peek 14 App Cas 337, HL

Doherty v Birmingham City Council [2008] UKHL 57; [2009] AC 367; [2008] 3 WLR 636; [2009] 1 All ER 653; [2008] LGR 695; [2008] HLR 45; [2008] 31 EG 89; [2009] 1 P&CR 11, HL(E)

Douglas v Hello! Ltd [2001] QB 967; [2001] 2 WLR 992; [2001] 2 All ER 289; [2001] 1 FLR 982, CA

Eagle Star Insurance Co Ltd v Games Video Co (GVC) SA [2004] EWHC 15 (Comm); [2004] 1 All ER (Comm) 560; [2004] 1 Lloyd's Rep 238, QBD

Galloway v Guardian Royal Exchange (UK) Ltd [1999] 1 Lloyd’s Rep IR 209, CA

Glasier v Rolls 42 ChD 436, CA

Gross v Lewis Hillman Ltd [1970] Ch 445; [1969] 3 WLR 787; [1969] 3 All ER 1476, CA

Hentrich v France (1994) 18 EHRR 440

Homes for Harringey v Fari [2013] EWHC 757 (QB), QBD

Insurance Corpn of the Channel Islands v McHugh [1997] 1 Lloyd’s Rep 94

James v United Kingdom (Appn no 8793/79); (1986) 8 EHRR 123, ECtHR

Joseph v Spiller (No 2) [2012] EWHC 2958 (QB), QBD

K/S Merc-Scandia XXXXII v Certain Lloyds Underwriters [2001] EWCA Civ 1275, CA

Keith Davy (Contractors) Ltd v Ibatex Ltd [2001] EWCA Civ 740, CA

Kylebay Ltd (t/a Astons Nightclub) v Underwriters Subscribing Under Policy 019057/08/01 [2007] EWCA Civ 57, CA

Lehmbecker’s Earthmoving and Excavators (Pty) Ltd v Incorporated General Insurances Ltd 1984 (3) SA 513

Lek v Mathews (1926) 24 Ll L Rep 191; (1926) 25 Ll L Rep 525, CA; (1927) 29 Ll L Rep 141, HL(E)

Les Laboratoires Servier v Apotex Inc [2012] EWCA Civ 593; [2013] Bus LR 80; [2013] RPC 507; [2012] WLR (D) 138, CA

Levy v Baillie (1831) 7 Bing 349

Longobardi v Chubb Insurance Co of New Jersey (1990) 582 A 2d 1257

Mamidakis v Greece (Application No 35533/04) (unreported) 11 January 2007, ECtHR

Pan Atlantic Insurance Co Ltd v Pine Top Insurance Co Ltd (No 2) [1995] 1 AC 501; [1994] 3 WLR 677; [1994] 3 All ER 581; [1994] 2 Lloyd's Rep 427, HL(E)

ParkingEye Ltd v Somerfield Stores Ltd [2012] EWCA Civ 1338; [2013] QB 840; [2013] 2 WLR 939; [2012] 2 Lloyd's Rep 679, CA

Paulet v United Kingdom [2014] Lloyd’s Rep FC 484

Piermay Shipping Co SA v Chester [1979] 2 Lloyd's Rep 1, CA

Post v Marsh 16 ChD 395, Ch D

Pressos Cia Naviera SA v Belgium (1995) 21 EHRR 301

Pye (JA) (Oxford) Ltd v United Kingdom (2007) 46 EHRR 1083, GC

R v Middleton The Times, 12 April 2000; [2001] Crim LR 251, CA

R v Waya [2012] UKSC 51; [2013] 1 AC 294; [2012] 3 WLR 1188; [2013] 1 All ER 889; [2013] 2 Cr App R (S) 20; [2012] WLR (D) 324; Case details, SC(E)

Raiffeisen Zentralbank Österreich AG v Five Star Trading LLC (The Mount I) [2001] EWCA Civ 68; [2001] QB 825; [2001] 2 WLR 1344; [2001] 3 All ER 257; [2001] 1 All ER (Comm) 961; [2001] 1 Lloyd's Rep 597; [2001] Lloyd's Rep IR 460; [2001] CLC 843; The Times, 21 February 2001, CA

Rookes v Barnard [1964] AC 1129; [1964] 2 WLR 269; [1964] 1 All ER 367; [1964] 1 Lloyd's Rep 28, HL(E)

Royal Boskalis Westminster NV v Mountain [1999] QB 674; [1998] 2 WLR 538; [1997] 2 All ER 929; [1997] CLC 816; [1997] LRLR 523, CA

Scottish Equitable plc v Derby [2001] EWCA Civ 369; [2001] 3 All ER 818; [2001] 2 All ER (Comm) 274, CA

Scullion v Royal Bank of Scotland (unreported) 24 May 2013, Exeter County Ct

Sharons Bakery Europe Ltd v Primary General Insurance Ltd [2011] EWHC 210 (Comm), QBD

Stemson v AMP General Insurance (NZ) Ltd [2006] UKPC 30; [2007] 1 LRC 532; [2006] Lloyd’s Rep IR 852, PC

Summers v Fairclough Homes Ltd [2012] UKSC 26; [2012] 1 WLR 2004; [2012] 4 All ER 317; Case details, SC(E)

Todd v Adams and Chope (trading as Trelawney Fishing Co) [2002] EWCA Civ 509; [2002] 2 All ER (Comm) 97; [2002] 2 Lloyd's Rep 293, CA

Twinsectra Ltd v Yardley [2000] Lloyd's Rep PN 239; [1999] Lloyd's Rep Bank 438; [2000] WTLR 527, CA

Ul-Haq v Shah [2009] EWCA Civ 542; [2010] 1 WLR 616; [2010] 1 All ER 73; [2009] RTR 352; [2009] WLR (D) 197, CA

Wales (HRH Prince of) v Associated Newspapers Ltd [2006] EWCA Civ 1776; [2008] Ch 57; [2007] 3 WLR 222; [2007] 2 All ER 139; The Times, 28 December 2006, CA

Wilson v First County Trust Ltd (No 2) [2001] 1 WLR 2238, HL(E)

Wisenthal v World Auxiliary Insurance Corpn Ltd (1930) 38 Ll L Rep 54

Cases cited in: Versloot Dredging BV v HDI Gerling Industrie Versicherung AG (The DC Merwestone) [2016] UKSC 45; [2017] AC 1; [2016] 3 WLR 543; [2016] 4 All ER 907; [2016] 2 All ER (Comm) 955; [2016] 2 Lloyd's Rep 198; [2016] WLR (D) 403; Case details, SC(E)

Agapitos v Agnew [2002] EWCA Civ 247; [2003] QB 556; [2002] 3 WLR 616; [2002] 1 All ER (Comm) 714; [2002] 2 Lloyd's Rep 42, CA

Animal Defenders International v United Kingdom (2013) 57 EHRR 21

Aviva Insurance Ltd v Brown [2011] EWHC 362 (QB); [2012] Lloyd's Rep IR 211, QBD

Axa General Insurance Ltd v Gottlieb [2005] EWCA Civ 112; [2005] 1 All ER (Comm) 445, CA

Barlow Clowes International Ltd v Eurotrust International Ltd [2005] UKPC 37; [2006] 1 WLR 1476; [2006] 1 All ER 333; [2006] 1 All ER (Comm) 478; [2006] 1 Lloyd's Rep 225, PC

Bate v Aviva Insurance UK Ltd [2014] EWCA Civ 334; [2014] CN 522, CA

Beacon Insurance Co Ltd v Maharaj Bookstore Ltd [2014] UKPC 21; [2014] 4 All ER 418; [2014] 2 All ER (Comm) 558; [2014] CN 1291; Case details, PC

Black King Shipping Corpn v Massie (The Litsion Pride) [1985] 1 Lloyd's Rep 437

Bramelid and Malmström v Sweden (1982) 5 EHRR 249

Britton v Royal Insurance Co (1866) 4 F & F 905

Brotherton v Aseguradora Colseguros SA [2003] EWCA Civ 705; [2003] 2 All ER (Comm) 298, CA

Chandris v Argo Insurance Co Ltd [1963] 2 Lloyd’s Rep 65

Claflin v Commonwealth Insurance Co of Boston, Massachusetts (1884) 110 US 81

Cory v Patton LR 7 QB 304, QBD

Direct Line Insurance Plc v Khan [2001] EWCA Civ 1794, CA

Fine v Bellefonte Underwriters Insurance Co (1984) 725 F 2d 179

GRE Insurance Ltd v Ormsby (1982) 29 SASR 498

Galloway v Guardian Royal Exchange (UK) Ltd [1999] Lloyd’s Rep IR 209, CA

James v United Kingdom (Appn no 8793/79); (1986) 8 EHRR 123, ECtHR

K/S Merc-Scandia XXXXII v Certain Lloyds Underwriters [2001] EWCA Civ 1275, CA

Kuenigl v Donnersmarck [1955] 2 WLR 82, QBD

Lek v Mathews (1926) 24 Ll L Rep 191; (1926) 25 Ll L Rep 525, CA; (1927) 29 Ll L Rep 141, HL(E)

Les Laboratoires Servier v Apotex Inc [2014] UKSC 55; [2015] AC 430; [2014] 3 WLR 1257; [2014] Bus LR 1217; [2015] 1 All ER 671; [2014] WLR (D) 452; Case details, SC(E)

Lindheim v Norway (2012) 61 EHRR 29

Lishman v Northern Maritime Insurance Co LR 10 CP 179, Ex Ct

Long v Insurance Co of North America (1982) 670 F 2d 930

New Hampshire Insurance Co v MGN Ltd [1997] LRLR 24, CA

Niger Co Ltd v Guardian Assurance Co Ltd (1922) 13 Ll L Rep 75, HL(E)

Orakpo v Barclays Insurance Services [1995] LRLR 443, CA

Pan Atlantic Insurance Co Ltd v Pine Top Insurance Co Ltd (No 2) [1995] 1 AC 501; [1994] 3 WLR 677; [1994] 3 All ER 581; [1994] 2 Lloyd's Rep 427, HL(E)

Paulet v United Kingdom (2014) 61 EHRR 39

Piermay Shipping Co SA v Chester [1979] 2 Lloyd's Rep 1, CA

Pye (JA) (Oxford) Ltd v United Kingdom (2007) 46 EHRR 45

R v Lucas (Ruth) [1981] QB 720; [1981] 3 WLR 120; [1981] 2 All ER 1008; 73 Cr App R 159; [1981] Crim LR 624, CA

R v Waya [2012] UKSC 51; [2013] 1 AC 294; [2012] 3 WLR 1188; [2013] 1 All ER 889; [2013] 2 Cr App R (S) 20; [2012] WLR (D) 324; Case details, SC(E)

Reid & Co Ltd v Employers’ Accident and Livestock Insurance Co Ltd (1899) 1 F 1031, Ct of Sess

Royal Boskalis Westminster NV v Mountain [1999] QB 674; [1998] 2 WLR 538; [1997] 2 All ER 929; [1997] CLC 816; [1997] LRLR 523, CA

Royal Brunei Airlines Sdn Bhd v Tan [1995] 2 AC 378; [1995] 3 WLR 64; [1995] 3 All ER 97, PC

Sharons Bakery Europe Ltd v Primary General Insurance Ltd [2011] EWHC 210 (Comm), QBD

Sims v Dacorum Borough Council [2014] UKSC 63; [2015] AC 1336; [2014] 3 WLR 1600; [2015] 1 All ER 834; [2014] LGR 898; [2014] WLR (D) 490; Case details, SC(E)

Socony Mobil Oil Co Inc v West of England Ship Owners Mutual Insurance Association (London) Ltd [1984] 2 Lloyd's Rep 408

Stemson v AMP General Insurance (NZ) Ltd [2006] UKPC 30; [2007] 1 LRC 532; [2006] Lloyd’s Rep IR 852, PC

Summers v Fairclough Homes Ltd [2012] UKSC 26; [2012] 1 WLR 2004; [2012] 4 All ER 317; Case details, SC(E)

To v Australian Associated Motor Insurers Ltd [2001] VSCA 48; 3 VR 279

Wales (HRH Prince of) v Associated Newspapers Ltd [2006] EWCA Civ 1776; [2008] Ch 57; [2007] 3 WLR 222; [2007] 2 All ER 139; The Times, 28 December 2006, CA

Wilson v First County Trust Ltd (No 2) [2003] UKHL 40; [2004] 1 AC 816; [2003] 3 WLR 568; [2003] 4 All ER 97; [2003] 2 All ER (Comm) 491, HL(E)

Wisenthal v World Auxiliary Insurance Corpn Ltd (1930) 38 Ll L Rep 54

Versloot Dredging BV v HDI Gerling Industrie Versicherung AG (The DC Merwestone)

Hearings

Ships

Subject Matter

Appellate History

Cases Considered

Cases Cited

Subsequent Consideration

Cases citing