Spar Shipping AS v Grand China Logistics Holding (Group) Co Ltd (The Spar Capella, The Spar Draco, The Spar Vega)

Subject Matter

SHIPPING — Charterparty — Time charter — Charterparties containing clause entitling shipowner to withdraw vessels if hire not paid punctually — Whether punctual payment of hire condition breach of which entitling shipowner to damages for loss of bargain — Whether charterers’ conduct in regularly failing to pay hire punctually renunciatory

[2016] EWCA Civ 982; [2017] Bus LR 663; [2017] 4 All ER 124; [2017] 2 All ER (Comm) 701; [2016] 2 Lloyd's Rep 447; [2016] WLR (D) 510, CA

SHIPPING — Charterparty — Breach — Defendant parent company issuing guarantees on behalf of subsidiary — Subsidiary in breach of charterparties for non-payment of hire — Whether parent company liable under guarantees

[2015] EWHC 718 (Comm); [2015] 1 All ER (Comm) 879; [2015] 2 Lloyd's Rep 407; [2015] CN 537, QBD

Appellate History

Cases Considered

Cases considered in: Spar Shipping AS v Grand China Logistics Holding (Group) Co Ltd (The Spar Capella, The Spar Draco, The Spar Vega) [2016] EWCA Civ 982; [2017] Bus LR 663; [2017] 4 All ER 124; [2017] 2 All ER (Comm) 701; [2016] 2 Lloyd's Rep 447; [2016] WLR (D) 510, CA

Cases considered in: Spar Shipping AS v Grand China Logistics Holding (Group) Co Ltd (The Spar Capella, The Spar Draco, The Spar Vega) [2015] EWHC 718 (Comm); [2015] 1 All ER (Comm) 879; [2015] 2 Lloyd's Rep 407; [2015] CN 537, QBD

Cases Cited

Cases cited in: Spar Shipping AS v Grand China Logistics Holding (Group) Co Ltd (The Spar Capella, The Spar Draco, The Spar Vega) [2015] EWHC 718 (Comm); [2015] 1 All ER (Comm) 879; [2015] 2 Lloyd's Rep 407; [2015] CN 537, QBD

A/S Awilco of Oslo v Fulvia SpA di Navigazione of Cagliari (The Chikuma) [1981] 1 WLR 314; [1981] 1 All ER 652; [1981] 1 Lloyd's Rep 371, HL(E)

Afovos Shipping Co SA v R Pagnan and Flli (The Afovos) [1982] 1 WLR 848; [1982] 3 All ER 18; [1982] 1 Lloyd's Rep 562, CA

Afovos Shipping Co SA v R. Pagnan & F.lli (The Afovos) [1983] 1 Lloyds’s Rep 335

Antaios Cia Naviera SA v Salen Rederierna AB (The Antaios) [1985] AC 191; [1984] 3 WLR 592; [1984] 3 All ER 229; [1984] 2 Lloyd's Rep 235, HL(E)

Astea (UK) Ltd. v Time Group Ltd. [2003] EWHC 725 (TCC), QBD

Behzadi v Shaftesbury Hotels Ltd [1992] Ch 1; [1991] 2 WLR 1251; [1991] 2 All ER 477, CA

Bowes v Shand 2 App Cas 455, HL

Bremer Handelsgesellschaft GmbH v Vanden Avenne-Izegem PV BA [1978] 2 Lloyd's Rep 109, HL(E)

Bremer Handelsgesellschaft mbH v J H Rayner & Co Ltd [1978] 2 Lloyd's Rep 73

Bunge Corpn v Tradax Export SA [1980] 1 Lloyd's Rep 294, CA

Bunge Corpn, New York v Tradax Export SA, Panama [1981] 1 WLR 711; [1981] 2 All ER 513; [1981] 2 Lloyd's Rep 1, HL(E)

Campbell Discount Co Ltd v Bridge [1962] AC 600; [1962] 2 WLR 439; [1962] 1 All ER 385, HL(E)

Cehave NV v Bremer Handelgesellschaft mbH [1976] QB 44; [1975] 3 WLR 447; [1975] 3 All ER 739; [1975] 2 Lloyd's Rep 445, CA

Cheapside Land Development Co Ltd v Messels Service Co [1978] AC 904; [1977] 2 WLR 806; [1977] 2 All ER 62, HL(E)

Chilean Nitrate Sales Corp v Marine Transportation Co Ltd (The Hermosa) [1982] 1 Lloyd's Rep 570, CA

China National Foreign Trade Transportation Corpn v Evlogia Shipping Co SA of Panama [1979] 1 WLR 1018; [1979] 2 All ER 1044; [1979] 2 Lloyd's Rep 303, HL(E)

Colchester Estates (Cardiff) v Carlton Industries Plc [1986] Ch 80; [1984] 3 WLR 693; [1984] 2 All ER 601, Ch D

Cooden Engineering Co Ltd v Stanford [1953] 1 QB 86, CA

Dalkia Utilities Services plc v Celtech International Ltd [2006] EWHC 63 (Comm); [2006] 1 Lloyd's Rep 599, QBD

ENE Kos 1 Ltd v Petroleo Brasileiro SA (The Kos) (No 2) [2009] EWHC 1843 (Comm); [2010] 1 All ER (Comm) 669; [2010] 1 Lloyd's Rep 87, QBD

ENE Kos 1 Ltd v Petroleo Brasileiro SA (The Kos) (No 2) [2012] UKSC 17; [2012] 2 AC 164; [2012] 2 WLR 976; [2012] 4 All ER 1; [2013] 1 All ER (Comm) 32; [2012] 2 Lloyd's Rep 292; [2012] WLR (D) 132; Case details, SC(E)

Emeraldian Ltd Partnership v Wellmix Shipping Ltd (The Vine) [2010] EWHC 1411 (Comm); [2011] 1 Lloyd's Rep 301; [2010] 1 CLC 993, QBD

Empresa Cubana de Fletes v Lagonisi Shipping Co Ltd (The Georgios C) [1971] 1 QB 488; [1971] 2 WLR 221; [1971] 1 All ER 493, CA

Federal Commerce & Navigation Co Ltd v Molena Alpha Inc [1979] AC 757; [1978] 3 WLR 991; [1979] 1 All ER 307; [1979] 1 Lloyd's Rep 201, HL(E)

Financings Ltd v Baldock [1963] 2 QB 104; [1963] 2 WLR 359; [1963] 1 All ER 443, CA

Glory Wealth Shipping Pte Ltd v Korea Line Corpn [2011] EWHC 1819 (Comm); [2012] 1 All ER (Comm) 402; [2011] 2 Lloyd's Rep 370, QBD

Golden Strait Corpn v Nippon Yusen Kubishika Kaisha (The Golden Victory) [2007] UKHL 12; [2007] 2 AC 353; [2007] 2 WLR 691; [2007] Bus LR 997; [2007] 3 All ER 1; [2007] 2 All ER (Comm) 97; [2007] 2 Lloyd's Rep 164, HL(E)

Hongkong Fir Shipping Co Ltd v Kawasaki Kisen Kaisha Ltd (The Hongkong Fir) [1962] 2 QB 26; [1962] 2 WLR 474; [1962] 1 All ER 474; [1961] 2 Lloyd's Rep 478, CA

Hongkong Fir Shipping Co Ltd v Kawasaki Kisen Kaisha Ltd (The Hongkong Fir) [1962] 2 QB 26; [1961] 2 WLR 716; [1961] 2 All ER 257; [1961] 1 Lloyd's Rep 159, QBD

Huddersfield Police Authority v Watson [1947] KB 842, DC

Imam-Sadeque v Bluebay Asset Management Ltd [2012] EWHC 3511 (QB), QBD

Italian State Railways v Mavrogordatos [1919] 2 KB 305, CA

Koch Marine Inc v D’Amica Societa di Navigazione ARL (The Elena D’Amico) [1980] 1 Lloyd's Rep 75, QBD

Kuwait Rocks Co v AMN Bulkcarriers Inc (The Astra) [2013] EWHC 865 (Comm); [2013] 2 All ER (Comm) 689; [2013] CN 596; [2013] 2 Lloyd’s Rep 69, QBD

Leslie Shipping Co v Welstead [1921] 3 KB 420, KBD

Leslie Shipping Co. v. Welstead, (1921) 7 Ll.L.Rep. 251

Lombard North Central Plc v Butterworth [1987] QB 527; [1987] 2 WLR 7; [1987] 1 All ER 267, CA

Maclaine v Gatty [1921] 1 AC 376, HL

Mardorf Peach & Co Ltd v Attica Sea Carriers Corpn of Liberia (The Laconia) [1977] AC 850; [1977] 2 WLR 286; [1977] 1 All ER 545; [1977] 1 Lloyd's Rep 315, HL(E)

Mersey Steel and Iron Co v Naylor 9 QBD 648, CA

Minister of Pensions v Higham [1948] 2 KB 153, KBD

Moorcock, The 14 PD 64, CA

Nereide SpA di Navigazione v Bulk Oil International Ltd [1981] 2 Lloyd's Rep 1, CA

Overstone Ltd v Shipway [1962] 1 WLR 117; [1962] 1 All ER 52, CA

Parbulk II A/S v Heritage Maritime Ltd SA (The Mahakam) [2011] EWHC 2917 (Comm); [2012] 2 All ER (Comm) 418; [2012] 1 Lloyd's Rep 87; (2011) 161 NLJ 1668, QBD

Patel v Secretary of State for the Home Department [2012] EWCA Civ 741; [2013] 1 WLR 63; [2012] 4 All ER 94; [2012] WLR (D) 174, CA

Petrotrade Inc v Stinnes Handel GmbH [1995] 1 Lloyd's Rep 142

Photo Production Ltd v Securicor Transport Ltd [1980] AC 827; [1980] 2 WLR 283; [1980] 1 All ER 556; [1980] 1 Lloyd's Rep 545, HL(E)

Reardon Smith Line Ltd v Yngvar Hansen-Tangen (trading as HE Hansen-Tangen) [1976] 1 WLR 989; [1976] 3 All ER 570; [1976] 2 Lloyd's Rep 621, HL(E)

Reuter, Hufeland, & Co v Sala & Co 4 CPD 239, CA

Scandinavian Trading Tanker Co AB v Flota Petrolera Ecuatoriana (The Scaptrade) [1983] 2 AC 694; [1983] 3 WLR 203; [1983] 2 All ER 763; [1983] 2 Lloyd's Rep 253, HL(E)

Sea and Land Securities Ltd v William Dickinson & Co Ltd [1942] 2 KB 65, CA

Seton v. Slade (1802) 7 Ves. Jun. 265

Smyth (Ross T) & Co Ltd v T D Bailey, Son & Co [1940] 3 All ER 60

Steelwood Carriers Inc of Monrovia, Liberia v Evimeria Cia Naviera SA of Panama [1976] 2 Lloyd's Rep 192

Stocznia Gdanska SA v Latvian Shipping Co (No 3) [2002] EWCA Civ 889; [2002] 2 All ER (Comm) 768; [2002] 2 Lloyd's Rep 436, CA

Stocznia Gdynia SA v Gearbulk Holdings Ltd [2009] EWCA Civ 75; [2010] QB 27; [2009] 3 WLR 677; [2009] 2 All ER (Comm) 1129; [2009] 1 Lloyd's Rep 461, CA

Suncorp Insurance and Finance v Milano Assicurazioni SPA [1995] 2 Lloyd’s Rep 225

Tankexpress A/S v Compagnie Financière Belge des Petroles SA [1949] AC 76; [1948] 2 All ER 939, HL

Tenax Steamship Co Ltd v Reinante Transoceanica Navigacion SA (The Brimnes) [1973] 1 WLR 386; [1973] 1 All ER 769; [1972] 2 Lloyd's Rep 465, QBD

Tenax Steamship Co Ltd v Reinante Transoceanica Navigacion SA (The Brimnes) [1975] QB 929; [1974] 3 WLR 613; [1974] 3 All ER 88; [1974] 2 Lloyd's Rep 241, CA

Tropwind AG of Zug v Jade Enterprises Ltd (The Tropwood) (No 2) [1982] I Lloyd’s Rep 232

Turnbull (Peter) & Co. Pty. Ltd. v. Mundas Trading Co. (Australasia) Pty. Ltd [1954] 2 Lloyd’s Rep. 198

Universal Bulk Carriers Ltd v Andre et Cie SA [2001] EWCA Civ 588; [2001] 2 All ER (Comm) 510; [2001] 2 Lloyd's Rep 65, CA

Universal Cargo Carriers Corpn v Citati [1957] 2 QB 401; [1957] 2 WLR 713; [1957] 1 Lloyd's Rep 174; [1957] 2 All ER 70, QBD

Wickman Machine Tool Sales Ltd v L Schuler AG [1974] AC 235; [1973] 2 WLR 683; [1973] 2 All ER 39; [1973] 2 Lloyd's Rep 53, HL(E)

Wisniewsky v Central Manchester Healthy Authority [1998] PIQR 324

Woodar Investment Development Ltd v Wimpey Construction UK Ltd [1980] 1 WLR 277; [1980] 1 All ER 571, HL(E)

Yeoman Credit Ltd v Waragowski [1961] 1 WLR 1124; [1961] 3 All ER 145, CA

Yona International Ltd v La Réunion Francaise Société Anonyme d’Assurances et de Réassurances [1996] 2 Lloyd's Rep 84

Zodiac Maritime Agencies Ltd v Fortescue Metals Group Ltd (The Kildare) [2010] EWHC 903 (Comm); [2011] 2 Lloyd's Rep 360, QBD

Cases cited in: Spar Shipping AS v Grand China Logistics Holding (Group) Co Ltd (The Spar Capella, The Spar Draco, The Spar Vega) [2016] EWCA Civ 982; [2017] Bus LR 663; [2017] 4 All ER 124; [2017] 2 All ER (Comm) 701; [2016] 2 Lloyd's Rep 447; [2016] WLR (D) 510, CA

Afovos Shipping Co SA v R Pagnan and Flli (The Afovos) [1983] 1 WLR 195; [1983] 1 All ER 449; [1983] 1 Lloyd's Rep 335, HL(E)

Ampurius Nu Homes Holdings Ltd v Telford Homes (Creekside) Ltd [2013] EWCA Civ 577; [2013] 4 All ER 377; [2013] BLR 400; [2013] WLR (D) 202, CA

Antaios Cia Naviera SA v Salen Rederierna AB (The Antaios) [1985] AC 191; [1984] 3 WLR 592; [1984] 3 All ER 229; [1984] 2 Lloyd's Rep 235, HL(E)

Arnold v Britton [2015] UKSC 36; [2015] AC 1619; [2015] 2 WLR 1593; [2016] 1 All ER 1; [2015] WLR (D) 247; Case details, SC(E)

Bremer Handelsgesellschaft GmbH v Vanden Avenne-Izegem PV BA [1978] 2 Lloyd's Rep 109, HL(E)

Cehave NV v Bremer Handelgesellschaft mbH [1976] QB 44; [1975] 3 WLR 447; [1975] 3 All ER 739; [1975] 2 Lloyd's Rep 445, CA

Cheapside Land Development Co Ltd v Messels Service Co [1978] AC 904; [1977] 2 WLR 806; [1977] 2 All ER 62, HL(E)

Dalkia Utilities Services plc v Celtech International Ltd [2006] EWHC 63 (Comm); [2006] 1 Lloyd's Rep 599, QBD

Davis Contractors Ltd v Fareham Urban District Council [1956] AC 696; [1956] 3 WLR 37, HL(E)

Decro-Wall International SA v Practitioners in Marketing Ltd [1971] 1 WLR 361; [1971] 2 All ER 216, CA

ENE Kos 1 Ltd v Petroleo Brasileiro SA (The Kos) (No 2) [2012] UKSC 17; [2012] 2 AC 164; [2012] 2 WLR 976; [2012] 4 All ER 1; [2013] 1 All ER (Comm) 32; [2012] 2 Lloyd's Rep 292; [2012] WLR (D) 132; Case details, SC(E)

Empresa Cubana de Fletes v Lagonisi Shipping Co Ltd (The Georgios C) [1971] 1 QB 488; [1971] 2 WLR 221; [1971] 1 All ER 493, CA

Federal Commerce & Navigation Co Ltd v Molena Alpha Inc [1979] AC 757; [1978] 3 WLR 991; [1979] 1 All ER 307; [1979] 1 Lloyd's Rep 201, HL(E)

Financings Ltd v Baldock [1963] 2 QB 104; [1963] 2 WLR 359; [1963] 1 All ER 443, CA

Forslind v Bechely-Crundall 1922 SC (HL) 173; 1922 SLT 496, HL(Sc)

Great Peace Shipping Ltd v Tsavliris Salvage (International) Ltd (The Great Peace) [2002] EWCA Civ 1407; [2003] QB 679; [2002] 3 WLR 1617; [2002] 4 All ER 689; [2002] 2 All ER (Comm) 999; [2002] 2 Lloyd's Rep 653, CA

Hongkong Fir Shipping Co Ltd v Kawasaki Kisen Kaisha Ltd (The Hongkong Fir) [1962] 2 QB 26; [1962] 2 WLR 474; [1962] 1 All ER 474; [1961] 2 Lloyd's Rep 478, CA

Koompahtoo Local Aboriginal Land Council v Sanpine Pty Ltd [2007] HCA 61; (2007) 233 CLR 115

Kuwait Rocks Co v AMN Bulkcarriers Inc (The Astra) [2013] EWHC 865 (Comm); [2013] 2 All ER (Comm) 689; [2013] CN 596; [2013] 2 Lloyd’s Rep 69, QBD

Leslie Shipping Co v Welstead [1921] 3 KB 420, KBD

Mardorf Peach & Co Ltd v Attica Sea Carriers Corpn of Liberia (The Laconia) [1977] AC 850; [1977] 2 WLR 286; [1977] 1 All ER 545; [1977] 1 Lloyd's Rep 315, HL(E)

Mersey Steel and Iron Co v Naylor 9 QBD 648, CA

Nereide SpA di Navigazione v Bulk Oil International Ltd [1981] 2 Lloyd's Rep 1, CA

Scandinavian Trading Tanker Co AB v Flota Petrolera Ecuatoriana (The Scaptrade) [1983] 2 AC 694; [1983] 3 WLR 203; [1983] 2 All ER 763; [1983] 2 Lloyd's Rep 253, HL(E)

Smyth (Ross T) & Co Ltd v TD Bailey Son & Co [1940] 3 All ER 60, HL(E)

Steelwood Carriers Inc of Monrovia, Liberia v Evimeria Cia Naviera SA of Panama [1976] 2 Lloyd's Rep 192

Stocznia Gdanska SA v Latvian Shipping Co (No 3) [2002] EWCA Civ 889; [2002] 2 All ER (Comm) 768; [2002] 2 Lloyd's Rep 436, CA

Stocznia Gdynia SA v Gearbulk Holdings Ltd [2009] EWCA Civ 75; [2010] QB 27; [2009] 3 WLR 677; [2009] 2 All ER (Comm) 1129; [2009] 1 Lloyd's Rep 461, CA

Tankexpress A/S v Compagnie Financière Belge des Petroles SA [1949] AC 76; [1948] 2 All ER 939, HL

Tenax Steamship Co Ltd v Reinante Transoceanica Navigacion SA (The Brimnes) [1975] QB 929; [1974] 3 WLR 613; [1974] 3 All ER 88; [1974] 2 Lloyd's Rep 241, CA

Universal Cargo Carriers Corpn v Citati [1957] 2 QB 401; [1957] 2 WLR 713; [1957] 1 Lloyd's Rep 174; [1957] 2 All ER 70, QBD

Urban 1 (Blonk Street) Ltd v Ayres [2013] EWCA Civ 816; [2014] 1 WLR 756; [2013] WLR (D) 271, CA

Valilas v Januzaj [2014] EWCA Civ 436, CA

Wickman Machine Tool Sales Ltd v L Schuler AG [1972] 1 WLR 840; [1972] 2 All ER 1173, CA

Withers v Reynolds (1831) 2 B &Ad 882

Subsequent Consideration

Cases subsequently considering: Spar Shipping AS v Grand China Logistics Holding (Group) Co Ltd (The Spar Capella, The Spar Draco, The Spar Vega) [2016] EWCA Civ 982; [2017] Bus LR 663; [2017] 4 All ER 124; [2017] 2 All ER (Comm) 701; [2016] 2 Lloyd's Rep 447; [2016] WLR (D) 510, CA

Cases citing

Cases citing: Spar Shipping AS v Grand China Logistics Holding (Group) Co Ltd (The Spar Capella, The Spar Draco, The Spar Vega) [2015] EWHC 718 (Comm); [2015] 1 All ER (Comm) 879; [2015] 2 Lloyd's Rep 407; [2015] CN 537, QBD

CSSA Chartering and Shipping Services SA v Mitsui OSK Lines Ltd (The Pacific Voyager) [2017] EWHC 2579 (Comm); [2017] Bus LR 2125; [2018] 2 All ER (Comm) 62; [2018] 1 Lloyd's Rep 57; [2017] WLR (D) 683, QBD

Fulton Shipping Inc of Panama v Globalia Business Travel SAU (formerly Travelplan SAU) of Spain (The New Flamenco) [2015] EWCA Civ 1299; [2016] 1 WLR 2450; [2016] 4 All ER 77; [2016] 2 All ER (Comm) 366; [2016] 1 Lloyd's Rep 383; [2015] WLR (D) 547, CA

Fulton Shipping Inc of Panama v Globalia Business Travel SAU (formerly Travelplan SAU) of Spain (The New Flamenco) [2017] UKSC 43; [2017] 1 WLR 2581; [2018] 1 All ER 45; [2018] 1 All ER (Comm) 95; [2017] 2 Lloyd's Rep 177; [2017] WLR (D) 440; Case details, SC(E)

Monde Petroleum SA v Westernzagros Ltd [2016] EWHC 1472 (Comm); [2017] 1 All ER (Comm) 1009; [2016] 2 Lloyd's Rep 229, QBD

Olympic Council of Asia v Novans Jets LLP [2022] EWHC 88 (Comm), QBD

Orion Shipping and Trading Ltd v Great Asia Maritime Ltd [2024] EWHC 2075 (Comm), KBD

Phones 4U Ltd v EE Ltd [2018] EWHC 49 (Comm); [2018] Bus LR 574; [2018] 2 All ER (Comm) 315; [2018] 1 Lloyd's Rep 204; 176 Con LR 199; [2018] BLR 255; [2018] WLR (D) 39, QBD

SFL Ace 2 Co Inc v DCW Management Ltd [2024] EWHC 1877 (Comm), KBD

SK Shipping Europe Ltd v Capital VLCC 3 Corpn (The C Challenger) [2020] EWHC 3448 (Comm); [2021] 2 Lloyd's Rep 109, QBD

Zymurgorium Ltd v Hammonds of Knutsford plc [2021] EWHC 2295 (Ch), Ch D

Cases citing: Spar Shipping AS v Grand China Logistics Holding (Group) Co Ltd (The Spar Capella, The Spar Draco, The Spar Vega) [2016] EWCA Civ 520, CA

Hotel Portfolio II UK Ltd & Anor v Stevens & Ors [2023] EWCA Civ 716, CA

National Iranian Oil Co v Crescent Petroleum Co International Ltd [2023] EWHC 300 (Comm), KBD

Cases citing: Spar Shipping AS v Grand China Logistics Holding (Group) Co Ltd (The Spar Capella, The Spar Draco, The Spar Vega) [2016] EWCA Civ 982; [2017] Bus LR 663; [2017] 4 All ER 124; [2017] 2 All ER (Comm) 701; [2016] 2 Lloyd's Rep 447; [2016] WLR (D) 510, CA

Ai Giorgis Oil Trading Ltd v AG Shipping & Energy Pte Ptd (The Marquessa) [2021] EWHC 2319 (Comm); [2022] 1 Lloyd's Rep 357, QBD

Boskalis Offshore Marine Contracting BV v Atlantic Marine and Aviation LLP (The Atlantic Tonjer) [2019] EWHC 1213 (Comm); [2020] 1 All ER (Comm) 323; [2020] 1 Lloyd's Rep 171, QBD

EMFC Loan Syndications LLP v The Resort Group plc (Practice Note) [2021] EWCA Civ 844; [2022] 1 WLR 717; [2021] WLR(D) 328, CA

IAA Vehicle Services Ltd v HBC Ltd [2024] EWHC 1 (Ch), Ch D

One Fish Company Limited v Iceland Foods Limited [2017] EWHC 3366 (Comm), Ch D

Orion Shipping and Trading Ltd v Great Asia Maritime Ltd [2024] EWHC 2075 (Comm), KBD

Peacock & Anor v Imagine Property Developments Ltd [2018] EWHC 1113 (TCC), QBD

Pharmapac (UK) Ltd v HBS Healthcare Ltd [2022] EWHC 23 (Comm), QBD

Quiana Navigation SA v Pacific Gulf Shipping (Singapore) Pte Ltd (The Caravos Liberty) [2019] EWHC 3171 (Comm); [2020] Bus LR 1435; [2020] 2 All ER (Comm) 252; [2020] 2 Lloyd's Rep 53; [2019] WLR (D) 676, QBD

Saudi Arabian Airlines Corpn v Sprite Aviation No 6 DAC [2024] EWHC 371 (Comm), KBD

Silverburn Shipping (IOM) Ltd v Ark Shipping Co LLC (The Arctic) [2019] EWHC 376 (Comm); [2019] 2 All ER (Comm) 914; [2019] 1 Lloyd's Rep 554, QBD

Silverburn Shipping (IOM) Ltd v Ark Shipping Co LLC (The Arctic) [2019] EWCA Civ 1161; [2019] 2 Lloyd's Rep 603, CA

Soteria Insurance Limited (formerly CIS General Insurance Limited) v IBM United Kingdom Ltd [2021] EWHC 347 (TCC), QBD